Cohesive Forces- Cohesive forces are the intermolecular forces, for example; hydrogen bonding and Van der Waals forces which cause a tendency in liquids to resist separation. These forces which are attractive forces exist between molecules of the same material. For example, rain falls as droplets, and not as fine mist, since water has strong cohesion hence its molecules pulls tightly together and droplets are formed. The cohesive force tends to bring closer molecules of a liquid, by making them comparatively large clusters which owes to molecules' dislike for its surrounding.
Monday, December 4, 2017
Floatation
Archimedes' Principle
• The Archimedes' Principle is named after Archimedes of Syracuse
• He discovered the law in 212 B.C.
• The Archimedes' Principle states that any object, wholly or partially immersed in a fluid, is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.
Mathematically, the Archimedes' principle can be stated as Buoyancy = weight of displaced fluid.
Pressure
Pressure- Pressure is defined as force per unit area. The standard unit for pressure is the Pascal (Pa) or Newton per square meter (N/m2).
For an object placed on a surface, the force exerted on the surface by the object is the weight of the object, but in different orientations it might have a different area in contact with the surface and therefore exert a different pressure.
For an object placed on a surface, the force exerted on the surface by the object is the weight of the object, but in different orientations it might have a different area in contact with the surface and therefore exert a different pressure.
Gravitation
Gravitation – Gravitation oftentimes also termed as Gravity is a force which found among all material objects in the universe. For any two objects or particles having non-zero mass, the force of gravity tends to attract them toward each other. Gravity works on objects of all sizes, be these subatomic particles or clusters of galaxies.
Work, Energy and Power
Work - When a force acts upon an object and displaces it from its original position, it is said that work was done upon the object. There associates three key component to work - force, displacement, and reason or source.
Motion
Scalars - Scalars are quantities that are fully described by a magnitude (or numerical value) alone.
Examples of Scalar Quantities - mass, length, temperature, energy, pressure, volume, electric charge, space-time interval, invariant mass
Vectors - Vectors are quantities that are fully described by both a magnitude and a direction.
Examples of Scalar Quantities - mass, length, temperature, energy, pressure, volume, electric charge, space-time interval, invariant mass
Vectors - Vectors are quantities that are fully described by both a magnitude and a direction.
Name and Symbols of Different Physical Terms, Descriptions and SI Units
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Base quantity
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Symbol
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Description
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SI unit
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Length
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l
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The one dimensional extent of an object.
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metre (m)
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Matter
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m
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The amount of matter in an object.
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Important Physics Discoveries in Chronology Order
- 1687 - Laws of motion and law of gravity: Newton
- 1782 - Conservation of matter: Lavoisier
- 1785 - Inverse square law for electric charges confirmed: Coulomb
- 1801 - Wave theory of light: Young
Inventions, Inventor, Country and Year
- Adrenaline: (isolation of) John Jacob Abel, U.S., 1897.
- Aerosol can: Erik Rotheim, Norway, 1926.
- Air brake: George Westinghouse, U.S., 1868.
- Air conditioning: Willis Carrier, U.S., 1911.
List of Scientific Instruments and Uses
- Absorptiometer - Instrument for measuring solubility of gases in liquids
- Accelerometer - Instrument for measuring acceleration or vibrations
- Acetimeter - Instrument for measuring strength of vinegar
- Acidimeter - Instrument for measuring concentration of acids
- Actinograph - Instrument used to calculate time of photographic exposure
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