Showing posts with label GRE Subject Test. Show all posts
Showing posts with label GRE Subject Test. Show all posts

Thursday, July 15, 2021

GRE Subject Test

What measures GRE Subject Test and how

The GRE Subject Test measures your knowledge and preparedness in a particular area of study. Graduate schools use subject test score to separate you out from the pool of applicants and to award scholarship and fellowship in a particular study discipline.
The GRE Subject Test is available in following study areas
1. Chemistry
2. Mathematics
3. Physics
4. Psychology
The GRE Subject Test is administered 3 times a year as Paper Based Test / PBT

GRE Subject Test: Chemistry

What is the test pattern for GRE Chemistry

  • No. of Questions: 130
  • Type: Multiple Choice

Syllabus and Question Paper Pattern
 
I. ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY — 15%

    Data Acquisition and Use of Statistics — Errors, statistical considerations
    Solutions and Standardization — Concentration terms, primary standards
    Homogeneous Equilibria — Acid-base, oxidation-reduction, complexometry
    Heterogeneous Equilibria — Gravimetric analysis, solubility, precipitation titrations, chemical separations
    Instrumental Methods — Electrochemical methods, spectroscopic methods, chromatographic methods, thermal methods, calibration of instruments
    Environmental Applications
    Radiochemical Methods — Detectors, applications

II. INORGANIC CHEMISTRY — 25%

    General Chemistry — Periodic trends, oxidation states, nuclear chemistry
    Ionic Substances — Lattice geometries, lattice energies, ionic radii and radius/ratio effects
    Covalent Molecular Substances — Lewis diagrams, molecular point groups, VSEPR concept, valence bond description and hybridization, molecular orbital description, bond energies, covalent and van der Waals radii of the elements, intermolecular forces
    Metals and Semiconductors — Structure, band theory, physical and chemical consequences of band theory
    Concepts of Acids and Bases — Brønsted-Lowry approaches, Lewis theory, solvent system approaches
    Chemistry of the Main Group Elements — Electronic structures, occurrences and recovery, physical and chemical properties of the elements and their compounds
    Chemistry of the Transition Elements — Electronic structures, occurrences and recovery, physical and chemical properties of the elements and their compounds, coordination chemistry
    Special Topics — Organometallic chemistry, catalysis, bioinorganic chemistry, applied solid-state chemistry, environmental chemistry

III. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY — 30%

    Structure, Bonding and Nomenclature — Lewis structures, orbital hybridization, configuration and stereochemical notation, conformational analysis, systematic IUPAC nomenclature, spectroscopy (IR and 1H and 13C NMR)
    Functional Groups — Preparation, reactions, and interconversions of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, dienes, alkyl halides, alcohols, ethers, epoxides, sulfides, thiols, aromatic compounds, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and their derivatives, amines
    Reaction Mechanisms — Nucleophilic displacements and addition, nucleophilic aromatic substitution, electrophilic additions, electrophilic aromatic substitutions, eliminations, Diels-Alder and other cycloadditions
    Reactive Intermediates — Chemistry and nature of carbocations, carbanions, free radicals, carbenes, benzynes, enols
    Organometallics — Preparation and reactions of Grignard and organolithium reagents, lithium organocuprates, and other modern main group and transition metal reagents and catalysts
    Special Topics — Resonance, molecular orbital theory, catalysis, acid-base theory, carbon acidity, aromaticity, antiaromaticity, macromolecules, lipids, amino acids, peptides, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, terpenes, asymmetric synthesis, orbital symmetry, polymers

IV. PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY — 30%

    Thermodynamics — First, second, and third laws, thermochemistry, ideal and real gases and solutions, Gibbs and Helmholtz energy, chemical potential, chemical equilibria, phase equilibria, colligative properties, statistical thermodynamics
    Quantum Chemistry and Applications to Spectroscopy — Classical experiments, principles of quantum mechanics, atomic and molecular structure, molecular spectroscopy
    Dynamics — Experimental and theoretical chemical kinetics, solution and liquid dynamics, photochemistry

GRE Subject Test: Mathematics

What is the test pattern for GRE Mathematics
No. of Questions: 66
Syllabus and Test Pattern
CALCULUS — 50%

Material learned in the usual sequence of elementary calculus courses — differential and integral calculus of one and of several variables — including calculus-based applications and connections with coordinate geometry, trigonometry, differential equations and other branches of mathematics.

ALGEBRA — 25%

    Elementary algebra: basic algebraic techniques and manipulations acquired in high school and used throughout mathematics
    Linear algebra: matrix algebra, systems of linear equations, vector spaces, linear transformations, characteristic polynomials, and eigenvalues and eigenvectors
    Abstract algebra and number theory: elementary topics from group theory, theory of rings and modules, field theory, and number theory

ADDITIONAL TOPICS — 25%

    Introductory real analysis: sequences and series of numbers and functions, continuity, differentiability and integrability, and elementary topology of R and R²
    Discrete mathematics: logic, set theory, combinatorics, graph theory, and algorithms
    Other topics: general topology, geometry, complex variables, probability and statistics, and numerical analysis

GRE Subject Test: Physics

What is the test pattern for GRE Physics

  • No. of Questions: 100 Five-Choice Questions
Syllabus and Test Pattern

    CLASSICAL MECHANICS — 20%
    (such as kinematics, Newton's laws, work and energy, oscillatory motion, rotational motion about a fixed axis, dynamics of systems of particles, central forces and celestial mechanics, three-dimensional particle dynamics, Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalism, noninertial reference frames, elementary topics in fluid dynamics)
    ELECTROMAGNETISM — 18%
    (such as electrostatics, currents and DC circuits, magnetic fields in free space, Lorentz force, induction, Maxwell's equations and their applications, electromagnetic waves, AC circuits, magnetic and electric fields in matter)
    OPTICS AND WAVE PHENOMENA — 9%
    (such as wave properties, superposition, interference, diffraction, geometrical optics, polarization, Doppler effect)
    THERMODYNAMICS AND STATISTICAL MECHANICS — 10%
    (such as the laws of thermodynamics, thermodynamic processes, equations of state, ideal gases, kinetic theory, ensembles, statistical concepts and calculation of thermodynamic quantities, thermal expansion and heat transfer)
    QUANTUM MECHANICS — 12%
    (such as fundamental concepts, solutions of the Schrödinger equation (including square wells, harmonic oscillators, and hydrogenic atoms), spin, angular momentum, wave function symmetry, elementary perturbation theory)
    ATOMIC PHYSICS — 10%
    (such as properties of electrons, Bohr model, energy quantization, atomic structure, atomic spectra, selection rules, black-body radiation, x-rays, atoms in electric and magnetic fields)
    SPECIAL RELATIVITY — 6%
    (such as introductory concepts, time dilation, length contraction, simultaneity, energy and momentum, four-vectors and Lorentz transformation, velocity addition)
    LABORATORY METHODS — 6%
    (such as data and error analysis, electronics, instrumentation, radiation detection, counting statistics, interaction of charged particles with matter, lasers and optical interferometers, dimensional analysis, fundamental applications of probability and statistics)
    SPECIALIZED TOPICS — 9%
    Nuclear and Particle physics (e.g., nuclear properties, radioactive decay, fission and fusion, reactions, fundamental properties of elementary particles), Condensed Matter (e.g., crystal structure, x-ray diffraction, thermal properties, electron theory of metals, semiconductors, superconductors), Miscellaneous (e.g., astrophysics, mathematical methods, computer applications)

GRE Subject Test: Psychology

What is the test pattern for GRE Psychology

  • No. of Questions: 205 Multiple Choice Questions

Syllabus and Question Paper Pattern


I. BIOLOGICAL (17–21%)

    Sensation and Perception (5–7%)
        Psychophysics, Signal Detection
        Attention
        Perceptual Organization
        Vision
        Audition
        Gustation
        Olfaction
        Somatosenses
        Vestibular and Kinesthetic Senses
        Theories, Applications and Issues
    Physiological/Behavioral Neuroscience (12–14%)
        Neurons
        Sensory Structures and Processes
        Motor Structures and Functions
        Central Structures and Processes
        Motivation, Arousal, Emotion
        Cognitive Neuroscience
        Neuromodulators and Drugs
        Hormonal Factors
        Comparative and Ethology
        States of Consciousness
        Theories, Applications and Issues

II. COGNITIVE (17–24%)

    Learning (3–5%)
        Classical Conditioning
        Instrumental Conditioning
        Observational Learning, Modeling
        Theories, Applications and Issues
    Language (3–4%)
        Units (phonemes, morphemes, phrases)
        Syntax
        Meaning
        Speech Perception and Processing
        Reading Processes
        Verbal and Nonverbal Communication
        Bilingualism
        Theories, Applications and Issues
    Memory (7–9%)
        Working Memory
        Long-term Memory
        Types of Memory
        Memory Systems and Processes
        Theories, Applications and Issues
    Thinking (4–6%)
        Representation (Categorization, Imagery, Schemas, Scripts)
        Problem Solving
        Judgment and Decision-Making Processes
        Planning, Metacognition
        Intelligence
        Theories, Applications and Issues

III. SOCIAL (12–14%)

    Social Perception, Cognition, Attribution, Beliefs
    Attitudes and Behavior
    Social Comparison, Self
    Emotion, Affect, and Motivation
    Conformity, Influence, and Persuasion
    Interpersonal Attraction and Close Relationships
    Group and Intergroup Processes
    Cultural or Gender Influences
    Evolutionary Psychology, Altruism, and Aggression
    Theories, Applications and Issues

IV. DEVELOPMENTAL (12–14%)

    Nature-Nurture
    Physical and Motor
    Perception and Cognition
    Language
    Learning, Intelligence
    Social, Personality
    Emotion
    Socialization, Family and Cultural
    Theories, Applications and Issues

V. CLINICAL (15–19%)

    Personality (3–5%)
        Theories
        Structure
        Personality and Behavior
        Applications and Issues
    Clinical and Abnormal (12–14%)
        Stress, Conflict, Coping
        Diagnostic Systems
        Assessment
        Causes and Development of Disorders
        Neurophysiological Factors
        Treatment of Disorders
        Epidemiology
        Prevention
        Health Psychology
        Cultural or Gender Issues
        Theories, Applications and Issues

VII. MEASUREMENT/METHODOLOGY/ OTHER (15–19%)

        General (4–6%)
            History
            Industrial-Organizational
            Educational
        Measurement and Methodology (11–13%)
            Psychometrics, Test Construction, Reliability, Validity
            Research Designs
            Statistical Procedures
            Scientific Method and the Evaluation of Evidence
            Ethics and Legal Issues
            Analysis and Interpretation of Findings

Wednesday, April 25, 2018

GRE Subject Test: Literature in English

What is test pattern for GRE English Literature
No. of Questions: 230
Syllabus and Question Paper Pattern
The approximate distribution of questions according to content categories is indicated by the following outline.

    Literary Analysis (40–55%)
    Interpretation of passages of prose and poetry. Such questions may involve recognition of conventions and genres, allusions and references, meaning and tone, grammatical structures and rhetorical strategies, and literary techniques.
    Identification (15–20%)
    Recognition of date, author or work by style and/or content (for literary theory identifications see IV below).
    Cultural and Historical Contexts (20–25%)
    Knowledge of literary, cultural and intellectual history as well as identification of author or work through a critical statement or biographical information. Also identification of details of character, plot or setting of a work.
    History and Theory of Literary Criticism (10–15%)
    Identification and analysis of the characteristics and methods of various critical and theoretical approaches.

The literary-historical scope of the test follows the distribution below.

1. Continental, Classical and Comparative Literature through 1925: 5–10%
2. British Literature to 1660 (including Milton): 25–30%
3. British Literature 1660–1925: 25–35%
4. American Literature through 1925: 15–25%
5. American, British and World Literatures after 1925: 20–30%



GRE Subject Test: Biology

What is the test pattern for GRE Biology

No. of Questions 190
Each question contains 5 choices

Syllabus & Question Paper Pattern

I. CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (33–34%)

Fundamentals of cellular biology, genetics and molecular biology are addressed. Major topics in cellular structure and function include prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, metabolic pathways and their regulation, membrane dynamics and cell surfaces, organelles, cytoskeleton, and cell cycle. Major areas in genetics and molecular biology include viruses, chromatin and chromosomal structure, genomic organization and maintenance, and the regulation of gene expression. The cellular basis of immunity and the mechanisms of antigen-antibody interactions are included. Attention is also given to experimental methodology.

    Cellular Structure and Function (16–17%)
        Biological compounds
            Macromolecular structure and bonding
            Abiotic origin of biological molecules
        Enzyme activity, receptor binding, and regulation
        Major metabolic pathways and regulation
            Respiration, fermentation, and photosynthesis
            Synthesis and degradation of macromolecules
            Hormonal control and intracellular messengers
        Membrane dynamics and cell surfaces
            Transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis
            Electrical potentials and transmitter substances
            Mechanisms of cell recognition, intercellular transport and communication
            Cell wall and extracellular matrix
        Organelles: structure, function, synthesis, and targeting
            Nucleus, mitochondria, and plastids
            Endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes
            Golgi apparatus and secretory vesicles
            Lysosomes, peroxisomes, and vacuoles
        Cytoskeleton: motility and shape
            Actin-based systems
            Microtubule-based systems
            Intermediate filaments
            Bacterial flagella and movement
        Cell cycle: growth, division, and regulation (including signal transduction)
        Methods
            Microscopy (e.g., electron, light, fluorescence)
            Separation (e.g., centrifugation, gel filtration, PAGE, fluorescence-activated cell sorting [FACS])
            Immunological (e.g., Western Blotting, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence)
    Genetics and Molecular Biology (16–17%)
        Genetic foundations
            Mendelian inheritance
            Pedigree analysis
            Prokaryotic genetics (transformation, transduction and conjugation)
            Genetic mapping
        Chromatin and chromosomes
            Nucleosomes
            Karyotypes
            Chromosomal aberrations
            Polytene chromosomes
        Genome sequence organization
            Introns and exons
            Single-copy and repetitive DNA
            Transposable elements
        Genome maintenance
            DNA replication
            DNA mutation and repair
        Gene expression and regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes: mechanisms
            The operon
            Promoters and enhancers
            Transcription factors
            RNA and protein synthesis
            Processing and modifications of both RNA and protein
        Gene expression and regulation: effects
            Control of normal development
            Cancer and oncogenes
            Whole genome expression (e.g., microarrays)
            Regulation of gene expression by RNAi (e.g., siRNA)
            Epigenetics
        Immunobiology
            Cellular basis of immunity
            Antibody diversity and synthesis
            Antigen-antibody interactions
        Bacteriophages, animal viruses, and plant viruses
            Viral genomes, replication, and assembly
            Virus-host cell interactions
        Recombinant DNA methodology
            Restriction endonucleases
            Blotting and hybridization
            Restriction fragment length polymorphisms
            DNA cloning, sequencing, and analysis
            Polymerase chain reaction

II. ORGANISMAL BIOLOGY (33–34%)

The structure, physiology, behavior and development of organisms are addressed. Topics covered include nutrient procurement and processing, gas exchange, internal transport, regulation of fluids, control mechanisms and effectors, and reproduction in autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms. Examples of developmental phenomena range from fertilization through differentiation and morphogenesis. Responses to environmental stimuli are examined as they pertain to organisms. Major distinguishing characteristics and phylogenetic relationships of organisms are also covered.

    Animal Structure, Function and Organization (10%)
        Exchange with environment
            Nutrient, salt, and water exchange
            Gas exchange
            Energy
        Internal transport and exchange
            Circulatory, respiratory, excretory, and digestive systems
        Support and movement
            Support systems (external, internal, and hydrostatic)
            Movement systems (flagellar, ciliary, and muscular)
        Integration and control mechanisms
            Nervous and endocrine systems
        Behavior (communication, orientation, learning, and instinct)
        Metabolic rates (temperature, body size, and activity)
    Animal Reproduction and Development (6%)
        Reproductive structures
        Meiosis, gametogenesis, and fertilization
        Early development (e.g., polarity, cleavage, and gastrulation)
        Developmental processes (e.g., induction, determination, differentiation, morphogenesis, and metamorphosis)
        External control mechanisms (e.g., photoperiod)
    Plant Structure, Function, and Organization, with Emphasis on Flowering Plants (7%)
        Organs, tissue systems, and tissues
        Water transport, including absorption and transpiration
        Phloem transport and storage
        Mineral nutrition
        Plant energetics (e.g., respiration and photosynthesis)
    Plant Reproduction, Growth, and Development, with Emphasis on Flowering Plants (5%)
        Reproductive structures
        Meiosis and sporogenesis
        Gametogenesis and fertilization
        Embryogeny and seed development
        Meristems, growth, morphogenesis, and differentiation
        Control mechanisms (e.g., hormones, photoperiod, and tropisms)
    Diversity of Life (6%)
        Archaea
            Morphology, physiology, and identification
        Bacteria
            Morphology, physiology, pathology, and identification
        Protista
            Protozoa, other heterotrophic Protista (slime molds and Oomycota), and autotrophic Protista
            Major distinguishing characteristics
            Phylogenetic relationships
            Importance (e.g., eutrophication, disease)
        Fungi
            Distinctive features of major phyla (vegetative, asexual and sexual reproduction)
            Generalized life cycles
            Importance (e.g., decomposition, biodegradation, antibiotics, and pathogenicity)
            Lichens
        Animalia with emphasis on major phyla
            Major distinguishing characteristics
            Phylogenetic relationships
        Plantae with emphasis on major phyla
            Alternation of generations
            Major distinguishing characteristics
            Phylogenetic relationships

III. ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION (33–34%)

The interactions of organisms and their environment, emphasizing biological principles at levels above the individual are addressed. Ecological topics range from physiological adaptations to the functioning of ecosystems. Although principles are emphasized, some questions may consider applications to current environmental problems. Topics in evolution range from genetic foundations through evolutionary processes and to their consequences. Evolution is considered at the molecular, individual, population and higher levels. Some quantitative skills, including the interpretation of simple mathematical models, may be required.

    Ecology (16–17%)
        Environment/organism interaction
            Biogeographic patterns
            Physiological ecology
            Temporal patterns (e.g., seasonal fluctuations)
        Behavioral ecology
            Habitat selection
            Mating systems
            Social systems
            Resource acquisition
        Population ecology
            Population dynamics/regulation
            Demography and life history strategies
        Community ecology
            Direct and indirect interspecific interactions
            Community structure and diversity
            Change and succession
        Ecosystems
            Productivity and energy flow
            Chemical cycling
    Evolution (16–17%)
        Genetic variability
            Origins (mutations, linkage, recombination, and chromosomal alterations)
            Levels (e.g., polymorphism and heritability)
            Spatial patterns (e.g., clines and ecotypes)
            Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
        Macroevolutionary and microevolutionary processes
            Gene flow and genetic drift
            Natural selection and its dynamics
            Levels of selection (e.g., individual and group)
            Trade-offs and genetic correlations
            Natural selection and genome evolution
            Synonymous vs. nonsynonymous nucleotide ratios
        Evolutionary consequences
            Fitness and adaptation
            Speciation
            Systematics and phylogeny
            Convergence, divergence, and extinction
            Coevolution
        History of life
            Origin of life
            Fossil record
            Paleontology and paleoecology
            Lateral transfer of genetic sequences

Source: www.gre.org

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