Showing posts with label Chemistry. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Chemistry. Show all posts

Thursday, July 15, 2021

GRE Subject Test: Chemistry

What is the test pattern for GRE Chemistry

  • No. of Questions: 130
  • Type: Multiple Choice

Syllabus and Question Paper Pattern
 
I. ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY — 15%

    Data Acquisition and Use of Statistics — Errors, statistical considerations
    Solutions and Standardization — Concentration terms, primary standards
    Homogeneous Equilibria — Acid-base, oxidation-reduction, complexometry
    Heterogeneous Equilibria — Gravimetric analysis, solubility, precipitation titrations, chemical separations
    Instrumental Methods — Electrochemical methods, spectroscopic methods, chromatographic methods, thermal methods, calibration of instruments
    Environmental Applications
    Radiochemical Methods — Detectors, applications

II. INORGANIC CHEMISTRY — 25%

    General Chemistry — Periodic trends, oxidation states, nuclear chemistry
    Ionic Substances — Lattice geometries, lattice energies, ionic radii and radius/ratio effects
    Covalent Molecular Substances — Lewis diagrams, molecular point groups, VSEPR concept, valence bond description and hybridization, molecular orbital description, bond energies, covalent and van der Waals radii of the elements, intermolecular forces
    Metals and Semiconductors — Structure, band theory, physical and chemical consequences of band theory
    Concepts of Acids and Bases — Brønsted-Lowry approaches, Lewis theory, solvent system approaches
    Chemistry of the Main Group Elements — Electronic structures, occurrences and recovery, physical and chemical properties of the elements and their compounds
    Chemistry of the Transition Elements — Electronic structures, occurrences and recovery, physical and chemical properties of the elements and their compounds, coordination chemistry
    Special Topics — Organometallic chemistry, catalysis, bioinorganic chemistry, applied solid-state chemistry, environmental chemistry

III. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY — 30%

    Structure, Bonding and Nomenclature — Lewis structures, orbital hybridization, configuration and stereochemical notation, conformational analysis, systematic IUPAC nomenclature, spectroscopy (IR and 1H and 13C NMR)
    Functional Groups — Preparation, reactions, and interconversions of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, dienes, alkyl halides, alcohols, ethers, epoxides, sulfides, thiols, aromatic compounds, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and their derivatives, amines
    Reaction Mechanisms — Nucleophilic displacements and addition, nucleophilic aromatic substitution, electrophilic additions, electrophilic aromatic substitutions, eliminations, Diels-Alder and other cycloadditions
    Reactive Intermediates — Chemistry and nature of carbocations, carbanions, free radicals, carbenes, benzynes, enols
    Organometallics — Preparation and reactions of Grignard and organolithium reagents, lithium organocuprates, and other modern main group and transition metal reagents and catalysts
    Special Topics — Resonance, molecular orbital theory, catalysis, acid-base theory, carbon acidity, aromaticity, antiaromaticity, macromolecules, lipids, amino acids, peptides, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, terpenes, asymmetric synthesis, orbital symmetry, polymers

IV. PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY — 30%

    Thermodynamics — First, second, and third laws, thermochemistry, ideal and real gases and solutions, Gibbs and Helmholtz energy, chemical potential, chemical equilibria, phase equilibria, colligative properties, statistical thermodynamics
    Quantum Chemistry and Applications to Spectroscopy — Classical experiments, principles of quantum mechanics, atomic and molecular structure, molecular spectroscopy
    Dynamics — Experimental and theoretical chemical kinetics, solution and liquid dynamics, photochemistry

Sunday, December 31, 2017

General Knowledge for Competitive Examinations

General Knowledge (GK) makes Integral Part of many competitive examinations in India. The GK Test examine your awareness and abilities from in and around your surroundings. In this portion questions are asked from day to day life experiences. Generally, whether its and admission test or recruitment exam questions are asked from the areas those we discuss often among friends, family, or listen over radio, television and social media etc.

Wednesday, December 6, 2017

General Knowledge: CHEMISTRY

Knowledge in Chemistry is essential for day to day living. Of course its essential to make scientific discoveries, and make things work. In competitive examinations Questions in General Knowledge are asked from Chemistry. Here are lessons useful for tests like UPSC Exam, SSC Exam, Bank PO Exam, Defence Exam, Teachers' Training Exam, Admission Test, Scholarship Tests etc.

Introduction to Chemistry

Atomic Structure

Periodic Classification of Elements

Chemical Bonding

Oxidation and Reduction

Monday, December 4, 2017

Chemistry Fun and Facts


  • The only elements that are liquid at room temperature are bromine and mercury.
  • Water expands as it freezes. An ice cube takes up about 9% more volume than the water used to make it.
  • If you pour a handful of salt into a full glass of water, the water level will actually go down rather than overflowing the glass.

Non Metal

In modern periodic table there are 24 non metal elements. These are electronegative elements and bad conductor of heat and electricity. Here are some of the commonly occurring non metals and their properties-

Metallurgy

What is Metallurgy?

The process of extracting metals from ores is called metallurgy.

Ores - An ore is a type of rock that contains minerals with important elements including metals. The ores are extracted through mining; these are then refined to extract the valuable elements.

Fuels

Fuel is a substance that can supply energy alone or upon reaction with some other substance. Fuel when provide energy also produced heat which is measured in Calories. An ideal fuel should posses the following properties –

Carbon and Its Compounds

Carbon is a non metal, its atomic number is 6 and mass number 12. It is placed in Group 14 or IV A of Periodic Table.

Allotropy- The substances which shows similar chemical characteristics but different physical characteristics are called allotropes and this property of material is called allotropy. Carbon has three allotropes – Charcoal, Graphite and Diamond

Electrolysis

Electrolytes- Electrolytes are the materials which allow electric current to pass through them when in molten state and goes for chemical decomposition. For example; acids, bases, and salts.

Behavior of Gases

Boyle’s Law: Boyle's lawstates that the absolute pressure and volume of a given mass of confined gas are inversely proportional, if the temperature remains unchanged within a closed system.

Mathematically, V ∝ 1/p; when temperature T is constant
Or V = K./p
Thus PV = K where K is constant
P1V1 = P1V1

Acids, Bases and Salts

Acid – An acid is a chemical material which exhibits following properties –

Sour in taste; when sprinkled on a blue litmus paper, turns it red; contains replaceable hydrogen; gives out hydrogen ion H+ in Aqueous Solution according to Arrhenius Theorem; can donate a proton According to Bronsted Lowry concept and can accept electrons according to Lewis Concept

Oxidation and Reduction

Oxidation and Reduction - The earliest view of oxidation and reduction is that of adding oxygen to form an oxide (oxidation) or removing oxygen (reduction). They always occur together. For example, in the burning of hydrogen the hydrogen is oxidized and the oxygen is reduced. The combination of nitrogen and oxygen which occurs at high temperatures follows the same pattern.

Chemical Bonding

What is a Chemical Bond?

A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain two or more atoms. The bond is caused by the electrostatic force of attraction between opposite charges, either between electrons and nuclei, or as the result of a dipole attraction.

Periodic Classification of Elements

  • In periodic table Elements are classified on the basis of similarities in their properties.
  • Döbereiner grouped the elements into triads and Newlands gave the Law of Octaves.
  • MendelĂ©ev arranged the elements in increasing order of their atomic masses and according to their chemical properties.

Atomic Structure

Atom - The name atom originated from the Greek Word atomos, meaning "indivisible" or uncuttable, or indivisible, something that cannot be divided further. Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter that make up everyday objects. The atom is a basic unit of matter that consists of a dense central nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons. The atomic nucleus contains a mix of positively charged protons and electrically neutral neutrons.

Introduction to Chemistry

Chemistry is the systematic study of composition of matter and also the chemical and physical properties related to different material objects.

Lavoisier (1743-1793), a French Chemist is regarded as the Father of Modern Chemistry.

Thursday, January 16, 2014

VIT University IGNITE 2014 Registration Open

The VIT University Presents IGNITE: Inter School Science & Math Challenge in association with the Times of India (TOI)

Let your students reach for the stars!

A dream trip to NASA could just be around the corner for one of your students.

The VIT University in association with the Times of India brings you IGNITE- an Inter-School Examination that will pit India’s smartest students against each other testing their knowledge in Science and Math.


The examination will comprise of objective type questions in Math, Physics and Chemistry. The examination will be held across the country. The winner for each region will go on to battle it out in a highly competitive National Quiz.

Times Now will telecast the Quiz.

The top 3 finalist from the quiz will win the grand prize- an all-expenses paid trip to NASA.

Challenge Details

  • Registration Deadline: 25 January 2014
  • Duration of Examination: 90 Minutes
  • Eligibility: 10th and 11th Standard students from India
  • Examination Date: 31 January 2014

For registration, venue and other details visit www.educationtimes.com/vitignite

Sunday, April 29, 2012

AIEEE 2012 Question Paper, Answer Key, Solution & Analysis

Are you an aspiring engineer, planning to appear for entrance exams like AIEEE and looking for previous years question papers and solutions, if yes, you are in the right place now. Here we are providing happenings from AIEEE 2012 to help you in preparing better. This section also useful to AIEEE 2012 test takers who are taking exam now and awaiting results.

Please not that AIEEE 2012 Results shall be publishind on official website aieee.nic.in during 1st week of June 2012.

Download AIEEE 2012 Question Paper, Answer Key & Solution Set C This solution is property of FIITJEE Ltd New Delhi.

Download AIEEE 2012 Question Paper, Answer Key & Solution Set C, Hindi Medium This solution is property of Resonance Kota and its associates.

AIEEE 2012 Question Paper Analysis

  • The All India Engineering Entrance Examination (AIEEE) 2012 Offline version conducted on 29.04.2012.
  • There were 30 questions in each subject of which 5 were Assertion Reason Type in Mathematics and 3 in Physics.
  • Each Section i.e. Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics carries 120 marks that means a total aggregate of 360 marks.
  • The Mathematics was in little higher side. As an analogy mathematics always seems bit tougher being science of sciences.
Click Here to Download AIEEE 2012 Chapter Wise Analysis The pdf attached to this link is property of Career Point Kota
  • Please take in note AIEEE 2012 Online exam is scheduled from 07.05.2012. The results shall be declared during 1st week of June.

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AIEEE 2012 Offline Exam on 29.04.2012

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Monday, April 9, 2012

IIT JEE 2012 Question Paper and Solution

IIT JEE 2012 conducted on April 8, 2012. Download Question Papers and Solutions in PDF eBooks format as supplied by Resonance. These question papers and solutions will help you in analyzing your performance as well as in preparation for upcoming entrance exams.

Resonance is one of the well known coaching center of North India for IIT JEE preparation.







IIT JEE 2012 Results shall be declared on May 18, 2012

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