Medical Inventions and Discoveries

Invention	Scientist	Year
Adhesive plaster-covered bandages	Paul Beiersdorf	1882
Anaesthetic	William Morton	1846
Anthrax (vaccine)	Louis Pasteur	1881
Antiseptic	Joseph Lister	1865
Artificial heart (implant, human)	Denton Cooley	1969
Artificial limbs	Ambrose Pare	1575 (book: Works)
Artificial skin	Dr John F. Burke & Ioannis V. Yanna	1979
Aspirin	Felix Hoffman & Heinrich Dreser	1899
Bacteria	Anton van Leeuwenhoek	1673
Bifocal lenses	Benjamin Franklin	1784
Birth control pill	Gregory Pincus, John Rock, Min- Chueh Chang	1960 (approved by U.S. Federal Drug Agency)
Blood circulation	William Harvey	1610
Blood transfusion	Dr Thomas Blundell	1818
Chemotherapy	Paul Ehrlich	1911
Cholera (vaccine)	Louis Pasteur	1880
Contact lens (glass)	Adolf Fick	1887
Corneal transplants	Eduard Zirm	1906
Cough drops	James Smith & Sons	1847
Dental drill	George Fellows Harrington	1864
Disposable syringe	Colin Murdoch (NZ)	1956 (patent)
DNA (structure)	Francis Crick, James Watson, Rosalind Franklin	1953
Electrocardiograph	Willem Einthoven	1902
Genetics	Johann Gregor Mendel	1866
Heart transplants	Christiaan Barnard	1967
Hypodermic syringe	Charles Gabriel Pravaz Alexander Wood (simultaneously)	1853
Insulin	Frederick Banting & Charles Best	1921
Iron lung	Philip Drinker	1929
Morphine	Friedrich Wilhelm Adam Serturner	1805
Ophthalmoscope	Hermann Ludwig von Helmholtz	1851
Oral contraceptive pill	Gregory Pincus, John Rock, Min- Chueh Chang	1960 (approved by U.S. Federal Drug Agency)
Pacemaker (artificial, implantable)	Wilson Greatbatch	1960 (first implant)
Pasteurisation	Louis Pasteur	1864
Pathology	Giovanni Battista Morgagni	1761
Penicillin	Alexander Fleming	1928
Plastic surgery	Archibald Hector McIndoe	1940s
Polio (vaccine)	Jonas Salk	1955 (field trial results announced)
Quinine	Pierre Joseph Pelletier & Joseph Bienaime Caventou	1820
Rabies (vaccine)	Louis Pasteur	1885
Rubella (vaccine)	Paul D Parkman & Harry M Meyer Jr	1966
Scurvy	James Lind	1753
Smallpox (vaccine)	Edward Jenner	1796 (first experiments)
Stethoscope	Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laennec	1816
Thermometer (medical)	Thomas Allbutt	1867
Tranquiliser dart gun	Colin Murdoch (NZ)	1950s
Tourniquet	Etienne J. Morel	1674
X-rays	Wilhelm Roentgen	1895