Introduction to Chemistry

Chemistry is the systematic study of composition of matter and also the chemical and physical properties related to different material objects.

Lavoisier (1743-1793), a French Chemist is regarded as the Father of Modern Chemistry.

The Difference between living and non living

The word ‘living’ can not be defined in a single word or phrases. However, we can distinguish between livings from non living on the basis of following characteristics-

Growth- As time passes living shows growth as number of cells increases and results in increase in mass.

Reproduction- Living organisms produce other living organisms similar in physical characters and traits.

Pollution

Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into a natural environment that causes instability, disorder of brain, harm or discomfort to the ecosystem i.e. physical systems or living organisms. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classified as point source or nonpoint source pollution.

Genetics and Genetics Terminology

•    Genetics is the science of hereditary and variations in living organisms.
•    Gregor John Mendel is known as the Father of Genetics.
•    His findings of Genetics are called Mendel’s Law.
•    Mendel summarized his findings in two laws: the Law of Segregation and the Law of Independent Assortment.

Nitrogen Cycle

The nitrogen cycle is the process by which nitrogen is converted between its various chemical forms. This transformation can be carried out by both biological and non-biological processes. Important processes in the nitrogen cycle include fixation, mineralization, nitrification, and denitrification. The majority of Earth's atmosphere (approximately 78%) is nitrogen, making it the largest pool of nitrogen. A 2011 study found that nitrogen from rocks may also be a significant source of nitrogen.

Ecology

Ecology is the scientific study of the relations that living organisms have with respect to each other and their natural environment. Variables of interest to ecologists include the composition, distribution, amount (biomass), number, and changing states of organisms within and among ecosystems.